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Lactose

ChemSpider ID: 389820
Molecular Formula: C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁
Average mass: 342.296509 Da
Monoisotopic mass: 342.116211 Da
Systematic name

4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose
SMILES and InChIs

SMILES:

O[C@H]2[C@H](O[C@@H]1O[C@H](CO)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O)[C@H](OC(O)[C@@H]2O)CO Copied

Std. InChI:

InChI=1S/C12H22O11/c13-1-3-5(15)6(16)9(19)12(22-3)23-10-4(2-14)21-11(20)8(18)7(10)17/h3-20H,1-2H2/t3-,4-,5+,6+,7-,8-,9-,10-,11?,12+/m1/s1 Copied

Std. InChIKey:

GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Copied
Cite this record
CSID:389820, http://www.chemspider.com/Chemical-Structure.389820.html (accessed 04:59, May 19, 2013) Copied

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

(3R,4R,5S,6R)-6-(Hydroxymethyl)-5-{[(2S,3R,4S,5R,6R)-3,4,5-trihydroxy-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2-yl]oxy}tetrahydro-2H-pyran-2,3,4-triol

4-O-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-D-glucopyranose [ACD/IUPAC Name]

D-glucopyranose, 4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl- [ACD/Index Name]

Lactose [Wiki] [JP15]

(+)-lactose

(+)-lactose; (Gal)1 (Glc)1; 1-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-4-D-glucopyranose; 4-(β-D-galactosido)-D-glucose; 4-O-β-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucose; D-lactose; Galβ1-4-Glc; Lac; Laktobiose; Laktose; Milchzucker; β-D-Galp-(1->4)-D-Glcp; β-Gal1,4-Glc; lactobiose; lactose; milk sugar

(Gal)1 (Glc)1

1292745 [Beilstein]

1-β-D-Galactopyranosyl-4-D-glucopyranose

4-(β-D-galactosido)-D-glucose

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Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

CHEBI:17716 [DBID]

17814_FLUKA [DBID]

C06373 [DBID]

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Properties

Predicted - ACD/Labs
Predicted - EPISuite
Predicted - ChemAxon

Predicted data is generated using the ACD/Labs’ ACD/PhysChem Suite, for more information see their website.

ACD/LogP:	-3.391	# of Rule of 5 Violations:	2
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5):	-3.39	ACD/LogD (pH 7.4):	-3.39
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5):	1.00	ACD/BCF (pH 7.4):	1.00
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5):	1.00	ACD/KOC (pH 7.4):	1.00
#H bond acceptors:	11	#H bond donors:	8
#Freely Rotating Bonds:	12	Polar Surface Area:	189.53 Å²
Index of Refraction:	1.652	Molar Refractivity:	70.805 cm³
Molar Volume:	193.644 cm³	Polarizability:	28.069 10^-24cm³
Surface Tension:	110.889999389648 dyne/cm	Density:	1.768 g/cm³
Flash Point:	357.752 °C	Enthalpy of Vaporization:	112.363 kJ/mol
Boiling Point:	667.931 °C at 760 mmHg	Vapour Pressure:	0 mmHg at 25°C

Predicted data is generated using the US Environmental Protection Agency’s EPISuite™, for more information see their website.

                    
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
    Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) =  -5.12

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
    Boiling Pt (deg C):  591.67  (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
    Melting Pt (deg C):  255.42  (Mean or Weighted MP)
    VP(mm Hg,25 deg C):  5.33E-017  (Modified Grain method)
    MP  (exp database):  254 deg C
    Subcooled liquid VP: 1.67E-014 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method)

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
    Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L):  1e+006
       log Kow used: -5.12 (estimated)
       no-melting pt equation used
     Water Sol (Exper. database match) =  5.22e+004 mg/L (20 deg C)
        Exper. Ref:  YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
    Wat Sol (v1.01 est) =  1e+006 mg/L
    Wat Sol (Exper. database match) =  52200.00
       Exper. Ref:  YALKOWSKY,SH & DANNENFELSER,RM (1992)

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
    Class(es) found:
       Neutral Organics

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
   Bond Method :   4.47E-022  atm-m3/mole
   Group Method:   9.81E-045  atm-m3/mole
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]:  2.401E-023 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
  Log Kow used:  -5.12  (KowWin est)
  Log Kaw used:  -19.738  (HenryWin est)
      Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate):  14.618
      Log Koa (experimental database):  None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
   Biowin1 (Linear Model)         :   0.8123
   Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model)     :   0.0392
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
   Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):   3.6965  (days-weeks  )
   Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :   4.3603  (hours-days  )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model)    :   1.2106
   Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):   0.4800
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model):  1.5729
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction:   YES

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
    Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
  Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled):  2.23E-012 Pa (1.67E-014 mm Hg)
  Log Koa (Koawin est  ): 14.618
   Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
       Mackay model           :  1.35E+006 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  102 
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
       Junge-Pankow model     :  1 
       Mackay model           :  1 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  1 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
   Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
      OVERALL OH Rate Constant = 173.9146 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     0.062 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
      Half-Life =     0.738 Hrs
   Ozone Reaction:
      No Ozone Reaction Estimation
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 1 (Junge,Mackay)
    Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
      Koc    :  10
      Log Koc:  1.000 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
    Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
   Log BCF from regression-based method = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162)
       log Kow used: -5.12 (estimated)

 Volatilization from Water:
    Henry LC:  4.47E-022 atm-m3/mole  (estimated by Bond SAR Method)
    Half-Life from Model River: 2.423E+018  hours   (1.01E+017 days)
    Half-Life from Model Lake : 2.644E+019  hours   (1.102E+018 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
    Total removal:               1.85  percent
    Total biodegradation:        0.09  percent
    Total sludge adsorption:     1.75  percent
    Total to Air:                0.00  percent
      (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
           Mass Amount    Half-Life    Emissions
            (percent)        (hr)       (kg/hr)
   Air       1.4e-006        1.48         1000       
   Water     34.5            208          1000       
   Soil      65.5            416          1000       
   Sediment  0.0596          1.87e+003    0          
     Persistence Time: 387 hr

Click to predict properties on the Chemicalize site

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Toxicology/Environmental Databases	Virtual Library

Category	Target	PDB Code	LASSO Score
Other Enzymes	GPB, glycogen phosphorylase	1a8i	0.89
Other Enzymes	NA, neuraminidase	1a4g	0.05
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	PPARg, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor	1fm9	0.03
Metalloenzymes	COMT, catechol O-methyltransferase	1h1d	0.02
Kinases	HSP90, human heat shock protein 90	1uy6	0.02
Kinases	SRC, tyrosine kinase SRC	2src	0.01
Other Enzymes	HMGR, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase	1hw8	0.01
Other Enzymes	HIVPR, HIV protease	1hpx	0.01
Metalloenzymes	PDE5, phosphodiesterase 5	1xp0	0.01
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	MR, mineralocorticoid receptor	2aa2	0.01
Metalloenzymes	ADA, adenosine deaminase	1stw	0.01
Other Enzymes	PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase	1efy	0.01
Other Enzymes	PNP, purine nucleoside phosphorylase	1b8o	0.01
Other Enzymes	AmpC, AmpC beta-lactamase	1xgj	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	ER, estrogen receptor; agonist	1l2i	0.00
Folate Enzymes	GART, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase	1c2t	0.00
Folate Enzymes	DHFR, dihydrofolate reductase	3dfr	0.00
Kinases	VEGFr2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor	1vr2	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	RXRa, retinoic X receptor R	1mvc	0.00
Other Enzymes	SAHH, S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase	1a7a	0.00
Kinases	FGFr1, fibroblast growth factor receptor kinase	1agw	0.00
Kinases	TK, thymidine kinase	1kim	0.00
Other Enzymes	InhA, enoyl ACP reductase	1p44	0.00
Serine Proteases	Thrombin	1ba8	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	ER, estrogen receptor; antagonist	3ert	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	AR, androgen receptor	1xq2	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	GR, glucocorticoid receptor	1m2z	0.00
Metalloenzymes	ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme	1o86	0.00
Kinases	PDGFrb, platelet derived growth factor receptor kinase	N/A	0.00
Kinases	P38 MAP, P38 mitogen activated protein	1kv2	0.00
Other Enzymes	HIVRT, HIV reverse transcriptase	1rt1	0.00
Other Enzymes	AChE, acetylcholinesterase	1eve	0.00
Other Enzymes	ALR2, aldose reductase	1ah3	0.00
Kinases	CDK2, cyclindependent kinase 2	1ckp	0.00
Other Enzymes	COX-1, cyclooxygenase-1	1p4g	0.00
Other Enzymes	COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2	1cx2	0.00
Serine Proteases	FXa, factor Xa	1f0r	0.00
Kinases	EGFr, epidermal growth factor receptor	1m17	0.00
Serine Proteases	Trypsin	1bju	0.00

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Lactose

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Lactose

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