Bis(trimethylsilyl) succinate

Experimental data
Predicted - ACD/Labs
Predicted - EPISuite
Predicted - ChemAxon

Gas Chromatography

Retention Index (Kovats):

Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

1316.6 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 15 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 130-190 0C at 4 deg/min; hold 190 0C for 0.5 min; 190-250 0C at 10 deg/min; hold 250 0C for 38.5 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Chapman, G.W., Jr.; Horvat, R.J., Determination of nonvolatile acids and sugars from fruit and sweet potato extracts by capillary GLC and GLC/MS, J. Agric. Food Chem., 37(4), 1989, 947-950.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1323.3 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 80 C; End T: 250 C; End time: 5 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: SE-33; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Daolio, S.; Bonsembiante, M.; Bittante, G.; Ramanzin, M.; Rinaldo, P., Ruminal organic acid analysis by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, J. Agric. Food Chem., 37(4), 1989, 970-974.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1312.9 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column length: 3 m; Column type: Packed; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 250 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Chromosorb W (80-100 mesh); Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Wrolstad, R.E.; Culbertson, J.D.; Nagaki, D.A.; Madero, C.F., Sugars and nonvolatile acids of blackberries, J. Agric. Food Chem., 28, 1980, 553-558.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1290.2 (Program type: Isothermal; Col... (show more) umn class: Standard non-polar; Column length: 6 ft; Column type: Packed; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: SE-30; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: Gas-Chrom P; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Pinelli, A.; Colombo, A., Gas chromatographic separation of Krebs-cycle metabolites, J. Chromatogr., 118, 1976, 236-239.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1321 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Isidorov, V.A.; Lech, P.; Zolciak, A.; Rusak, N.; Szczepaniak, L., Gas Chromatographic - nass spectrometric investigation of metabolites from the needles and roots of pine seedlings at early stages of pathogenic fungi Armillaria ostoyae attack, Trees, 22, 2008, 531-542., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 3 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 300 C; End time: 30 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: Helium; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Isidorov, V.A.; Lech, P.; Zolciak, A.; Rusak, N.; Szczepaniak, L., Gas Chromatographic - nass spectrometric investigation of metabolites from the needles and roots of pine seedlings at early stages of pathogenic fungi Armillaria ostoyae attack, Trees, 22, 2008, 531-542., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 300 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Isidorov, V.A.; Kotowska, U.; Vinogorova, V.T., GC Identification of organic compounds based on partition coefficients of their TMS derivatives in a hexane-acetonitrile system and retention indices, Anal. Sci., 21(12), 2005, 1483-1489.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1322 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 300 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Isidorov, V.A.; Olchowik, E.; Vinogorova, V.T., Simplified extraction procedure and gas chromatographic determination of acid compounds in plant material, Chemia Analityczna, 52(3), 2007, 423-433., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Start T: 50 C; End T: 300 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Isidorov, V.A.; Kotowska, U.; Vinogorova, V.T., GC Identification of organic compounds based on partition coefficients of their TMS derivatives in a hexane-acetonitrile system and retention indices, Anal. Sci., 21(12), 2005, 1483-1489.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1313 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 295 C; End time: 8 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: HP-5MS; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Osete-Cortina, L.; Domenech-Carbo, M.T., Analytical characterization of diterpenoid resins present in pictorial varnishes using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with on line trimethylsilylation, J. Chromatogr. A, 1065, 2005, 265-278.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1316.5 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 75 0C (1.5 min) ^ 10 0C/min -> 240 0C ^ 30 0C/min -> 300 0C (5 min); CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-5MS; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Ng, L.-K.; Hupe, M.; Vanier, M.; Moccia, D., Characterization of cigar tobaccos by gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric analysis of nonvolatile organic acids: application to the authentication of Cuban cigars, J. Agric. Food Chem., 49, 2001, 1132-1138.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1320.3 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: 60 0C (1.5 min) ^ 25 0C/min -> 100 0C (5 min) ^ 5 0C/min -> 315 0C (35 min); CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: CP Sil 8 CB; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Kubatova, A.; Vermeylen, R.; Claeys, M.; Cafmeyer, J.; Maenhaut, W.; Roberts, G.; Artaxo, P., Carbonaceous aerosol characterization in the Amazon basin, Brazil: novel dicarboxylic acids and related compounds, Atmos. Environ., 34, 2000, 5037-5051.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1312.2 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.2 mm; Column length: 6 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 20 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 325 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.4 um; Data type: Normal alkane RI; Authors: Schultz, G.A.; Chamberlin, B.A.; Sweeley, C.C.; Watson, J.T.; Allison, J., Complex mixture analysis based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with time array detection using a beam deflection time-of-flight mass spectrometer, J. Chromatogr., 590, 1992, 329-339.) NIST Spectra nist ri

Retention Index (Linear):

1314 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 300 C; End time: 15 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-5; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Ohie, T.; Fu, X.; Iga, M.; Kimura, M.; Yamaguchi, S., Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with tert .-butyldimethylsilyl derivatization: use of the simplified sample preparations and the automated data system to screen for organic acidemias, J. Chromatogr. B, 746, 2000, 63-73., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.15 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 90 C; End T: 270 C; End time: 7 min; Start time: 1 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Phase thickness: 0.12 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Halket, J.N.; Przyborowska, A.; Stein, S.E.; Mallard, W.G.; Down, S.; Chalmers, R., Deconvolution gas chromatography / mass spectrometry of urinary organic acids - potential for pattern recognition and automated identification of metabolic disorders, Rapid Commun. Mass spectrom., 13, 1999, 279-284.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1307 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.53 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 290 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Hoffmann, G.; Aramaki, S.; Blum-Hoffmann, E.; Nyhan, W.L.; Sweetman, L., Quantitative analysis for organic acids in biological samples: batch isolation followed by gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis, Clin. Chem., 35(4), 1989, 587-595., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 6 K/min; Start T: 60 C; End T: 280 C; End time: 5 min; Start time: 0.5 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: CP Sil 5 CB; Carrier gas: N2; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Wurth, C.; Kumps, A.; Mardens, Y., Urinary organic acids: Retention indices on two capillary gas chromatography columns, J. Chromatogr., 491, 1989, 186-192.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1312 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.22 mm; Column length: 10 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 270 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.17 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Lefevere, M.F.; Verhaeghe, B.J.; Declerck, D.H.; Van Bocxlaer, J.F.; De Leenheer, A.P.; De Sagher, R.M., Metabolic Profiling of Urinary Organic Acids by Single and Multicolumn Capillary Gas Chromatography, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 27, 1989, 23-29.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1308 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column length: 1.8 m; Column type: Packed; Heat rate: 28 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 290 C; Start time: .5 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: N2; Substrate: 100-120 mesh; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Tanaka, K.; Hine, D.G.; West-Dull, A.; Lynn, T.B., Gas-chromatographic method of analysis for urinary organic acids. I. Retention indices of 155 metabolically important compounds, Clin. Chem., 26(13), 1980, 1839-1846., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Capillary; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-1; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Tsai, M.Y.; Oliphant, C.; Josephson, M.W., Identification of Metabolites Diagnostic for Organic Acidurias by Simultaneous Dual-Column Capillary Gas Chromatography, J. Chromatogr., 341, 1985, 1-10., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column type: Packed; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: OV-101; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Tanaka, K.; Hine, D.G., Compilation of Gas Chromatographic Retention Indices of 163 Metabolically Important Organic Acids, and Their Use in Detection of Patients with Organic Acidurias, J. Chromatogr., 239, 1982, 301-322.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1323 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 250 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: PE-5; Carrier gas: He; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Isidorov, V.A.; Vinogorova, V.T., GC-MS analysis of compounds extracted from buds of Populus balsamifera and Populus nigra, Z. Naturforsch. C:, 58, 2003, 355-360., Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Standard non-polar; Column length: 6 ft; Column type: Packed; Heat rate: 10 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 325 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: OV-1; Carrier gas: He; Substrate: Chromosorb W HP (80-100 mesh); Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Butts, W.C., Two-Column Gas Chromatography of Trimethylsilyl Derivatives of Biochemically Significant Compounds, Anal. Biochemistry, 46, 1972, 187-199.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1314.4 (Program type: Complex; Column... (show more) class: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Description: Multi-step temperature program; T(initial)=60C; T(final)=270C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: VF-5MS; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.25 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Tret'yakov, K.V., Retention Data. NIST Mass Spectrometry Data Center., 2008.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1322.3 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.18 mm; Column length: 10 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 40 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 320 C; End time: 2 min; Start time: 2 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-5MS; Phase thickness: 0.18 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Jonsson, P.; Johansson, A.I.; Gullberg, J.; Trygg, J.; Jiye, A.; Grung, B.; Marklund, S.; Sjostrom, M.; Antti, H.; Moritz, T., High-throughput data analysis for detecting and identifying differences between samples in GC/MS-based metabolomic analyses, Anal. Chem., 77, 2005, 5635-5642.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1316 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.25 mm; Column length: 30 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 4 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 290 C; End time: 10 min; Start time: 4 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: DB-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 1 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Kimura, M.; Yamamoto, T.; Yamaguchi, S., Automated metabolic profiling and interpretation of GC/MS data for organic acidemia screening: a personal computer-based system, Tohoku J. Exp. Med., 188, 1999, 317-334.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1318 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 100 C; End T: 290 C; End time: 15 min; Start time: 5 min; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: HP-5; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.52 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Antoshechkin, A.G.; Golovkin, A.B.; Maximova, L.A.; Bakharev, V.A., Screening of amniotic fluid metabolites by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, J. Chromatogr., 489, 1989, 353-358.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1321 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.32 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 70 C; End T: 270 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: SE-52; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.52 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Lefevere, M.F.; Verhaeghe, B.J.; Declerck, D.H.; Van Bocxlaer, J.F.; De Leenheer, A.P.; De Sagher, R.M., Metabolic Profiling of Urinary Organic Acids by Single and Multicolumn Capillary Gas Chromatography, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 27, 1989, 23-29.) NIST Spectra nist ri

1322 (Program type: Ramp; Column cl... (show more) ass: Semi-standard non-polar; Column diameter: 0.31 mm; Column length: 25 m; Column type: Capillary; Heat rate: 5 K/min; Start T: 50 C; End T: 300 C; CAS no: 40309577; Active phase: Ultra-2; Carrier gas: He; Phase thickness: 0.52 um; Data type: Linear RI; Authors: Tuchman, M.; Bowers, L.D.; Fregien, K.D.; Crippin, P.J.; Krivit, W., Capillary Gas Chromatographic Separation of Urinary Organic Acids. Retention Indices of 101 Urinary Acids on a 5% Phenylmethyl Silicone Capillary Column, J. Chromatogr. Sci., 22, 1984, 198-202.) NIST Spectra nist ri

Predicted data is generated using the ACD/Labs Percepta Platform - PhysChem Module, version: 14.00

Density:	1.0±0.1 g/cm³
Boiling Point:	237.7±23.0 °C at 760 mmHg
Vapour Pressure:	0.0±0.5 mmHg at 25°C
Enthalpy of Vaporization:	47.4±3.0 kJ/mol
Flash Point:	81.1±18.2 °C
Index of Refraction:	1.424
Molar Refractivity:	69.4±0.3 cm³
#H bond acceptors:	4
#H bond donors:	0
#Freely Rotating Bonds:	7
#Rule of 5 Violations:	0

ACD/LogP:	2.56
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5):	2.60
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5):	56.14
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5):	621.90
ACD/LogD (pH 7.4):	2.60
ACD/BCF (pH 7.4):	56.14
ACD/KOC (pH 7.4):	621.90
Polar Surface Area:	53 Å²
Polarizability:	27.5±0.5 10^-24cm³
Surface Tension:	23.3±3.0 dyne/cm
Molar Volume:	272.0±3.0 cm³

Predicted data is generated using the US Environmental Protection Agency�s EPISuite™

                        
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
    Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) =  3.95

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
    Boiling Pt (deg C):  218.77  (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
    Melting Pt (deg C):  -52.09  (Mean or Weighted MP)
    VP(mm Hg,25 deg C):  0.14  (Mean VP of Antoine & Grain methods)

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
    Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L):  8.466
       log Kow used: 3.95 (estimated)
       no-melting pt equation used

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
    Wat Sol (v1.01 est) =  6578.2 mg/L

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
    Class(es) found:
       Esters
       Silanes (alkoxy)

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
   Bond Method :   1.95E-004  atm-m3/mole
   Group Method:   Incomplete
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]:  5.711E-003 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
  Log Kow used:  3.95  (KowWin est)
  Log Kaw used:  -2.098  (HenryWin est)
      Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate):  6.048
      Log Koa (experimental database):  None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
   Biowin1 (Linear Model)         :   0.6226
   Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model)     :   0.3278
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
   Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):   2.6192  (weeks-months)
   Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :   3.4691  (days-weeks  )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model)    :   0.0326
   Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):   0.0167
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model):  0.4106
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction:   NO

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
    Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
  Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled):  17.3 Pa (0.13 mm Hg)
  Log Koa (Koawin est  ): 6.048
   Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
       Mackay model           :  1.73E-007 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  2.74E-007 
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
       Junge-Pankow model     :  6.25E-006 
       Mackay model           :  1.38E-005 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  2.19E-005 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
   Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
      OVERALL OH Rate Constant =   1.6099 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     6.644 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
      Half-Life =    79.728 Hrs
   Ozone Reaction:
      No Ozone Reaction Estimation
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 1E-005 (Junge,Mackay)
    Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
      Koc    :  87.65
      Log Koc:  1.943 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
    Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
   Log BCF from regression-based method = 2.345 (BCF = 221.1)
       log Kow used: 3.95 (estimated)

 Volatilization from Water:
    Henry LC:  0.000195 atm-m3/mole  (estimated by Bond SAR Method)
    Half-Life from Model River:      6.517  hours
    Half-Life from Model Lake :      206.9  hours   (8.623 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
    Total removal:              33.14  percent
    Total biodegradation:        0.28  percent
    Total sludge adsorption:    26.61  percent
    Total to Air:                6.25  percent
      (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
           Mass Amount    Half-Life    Emissions
            (percent)        (hr)       (kg/hr)
   Air       3.17            159          1000       
   Water     11.7            900          1000       
   Soil      82.7            1.8e+003     1000       
   Sediment  2.46            8.1e+003     0          
     Persistence Time: 1.02e+003 hr

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Retention Index (Kovats):

Retention Index (Normal Alkane):

Retention Index (Linear):

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