InChI=1/C21H26O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h5,7,9,14-15,18,22,26H,3-4,6,8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1

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Search term: XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWBN
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Inherent Properties, Identifiers and References

ChemSpider ID:	5656
Empirical Formula:	C₂₁H₂₆O₅
Molecular Weight:	358.4281
Nominal Mass:	358 Da
Average Mass:	358.4281 Da
Monoisotopic Mass:	358.178024 Da

Systematic Name:

(8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-hydroxy-17-(2-hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-6,7,8,9,12,14,15,16-octahydrocyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11-dione

SMILES:

O=C(CO)[C@@]3(O)CC[C@H]2[C@@H]4CC\C1=C\C(=O)\C=C/[C@]1(C)[C@H]4C(=O)C[C@@]23C

InChI:

InChI=1/C21H26O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h5,7,9,14-15,18,22,26H,3-4,6,8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1

InChIKey:

XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWBN

Std. InChI:

InChI=1S/C21H26O5/c1-19-7-5-13(23)9-12(19)3-4-14-15-6-8-21(26,17(25)11-22)20(15,2)10-16(24)18(14)19/h5,7,9,14-15,18,22,26H,3-4,6,8,10-11H2,1-2H3/t14-,15-,18+,19-,20-,21-/m0/s1

Std. InChIKey:

XOFYZVNMUHMLCC-ZPOLXVRWSA-N

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Wikipedia Article(s)

Prednisone is a synthetic corticosteroid drug that is particularly effective as an immunosuppressant, and affects virtually all of the immune system. It is used to treat certain inflammatory diseases and (at higher doses) cancers, but has significant adverse effects. It is usually taken orally but can be delivered by intramuscular injection or intravenous injection. It has a mainly glucocorticoid effect. Prednisone is a prodrug that is converted by the liver into prednisolone, which is the active drug and also a steroid. Read more... or Edit at Wikipedia...

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Supplemental Information

Links & References

QSAR World - Datasets - GG - Plasma Binding

Kenneth E. Thummel and Danny D. Shen. Percentage Binding in Plasma, "Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 10/e, Ed. by Joel G. Hardman, Lee E. Limbird and Alfred Goodman Gilman, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1917-2023

'Bound in Plasma' (%) values have been taken from the Table A-II-1 given in Appendix II of the above mentioned reference. Users are requested to go through the comments associated with these values, which have been given as footnotes in the table. Only drugs that had 'Bound in Plasma' values indicated for them have been provided in the files here. Structures (and values) for Clavulanate (22), Heparin (Extensive), Lithium (0), Mycophenolate (MPA: 97.5), Prednisolone (90-95 (<200 ng/ml), ~70(>1 microgm/ml)) and Rapacuronium (50-88) have not been provided here. In all, 280 drugs and their 'Bound in Plasma' values (%) are given in the files here.

QSAR World - Datasets - GG - Peak Time

Kenneth E. Thummel and Danny D. Shen. Peak Time, "Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 10/e, Ed. by Joel G. Hardman, Lee E. Limbird and Alfred Goodman Gilman, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1917-2023

'Peak-Time' values have been taken from the Table A-II-1 given in Appendix II of the above mentioned reference. These are in hours unless otherwise indicated. Users are requested to go through the comments associated with these values, which have been given as footnotes in the table. Only drugs that had 'Peak-Time' values indicated for them have been provided in the files here. Structures (and values) for Clavulanate (1.3), Enoxaparin (3), Epoetin Alfa (SC: 18, IP:12), Etanercept (SC-SD:72(48-96)), Filgrastim (4-5.8), Heparin (3), Interferon Alfa (IM:3.8,SC:7.3), Interferon Beta (SC:1-8), Lithium (IR:0.5-3, SR:2-6), Mycophenolate (MPA: 1.1-2.2), Prednisolone (1.5+-0.5), Sargramostim (A,SC: 1-3, C,SC:1.5-4) and Streptokinase (0.9+-0.21) have not been provided here. In all, 270 drugs and their 'Peak-Time' values are given in the files here.

QSAR World - Datasets - GG - Urinary Excretion

Kenneth E. Thummel and Danny D. Shen. Urinary Excretion, "Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 10/e, Ed. by Joel G. Hardman, Lee E. Limbird and Alfred Goodman Gilman, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1917-2023

Urinary Excretion (%) values have been taken from the Table A-II-1 given in Appendix II of the above mentioned reference. Users are requested to go through the comments associated with these values, which have been given as footnotes in the table. Only drugs that had Urinary Excretion values indicated for them have been provided in the files here. Structures (and values) for Alteplase (t-PA) (Low), Clavulanate (43+-14), Enoxaparin (43), Epoetin alfa (<3), Etanercept (Negligible), Heparin (Negligible), Lithium (95+-15), Mycophenolate (MPA: <1), Prednisolone (26+-9), Rapacuronium (6-22) and Streptokinase (0) have not been provided here. In all, 297 drugs and their Urinary Excretion values (%) are given in the files here.

QSAR World - Datasets - GG - Volume of Distribution

Kenneth E. Thummel and Danny D. Shen. Volume of Distribution, "Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 10/e, Ed. by Joel G. Hardman, Lee E. Limbird and Alfred Goodman Gilman, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1917-2023

'Volume of Distribution' values have been taken from the Table A-II-1 given in Appendix II of the above mentioned reference. These are in liters/kg units unless otherwise indicated. Users are requested to go through the comments associated with these values, which have been given as footnotes in the table. Only drugs that had 'Volume of Distribution' values indicated for them have been provided in the files here. Structures (and values) for Alteplase (t-PA) (0.10+-0.01), Clavulanate (0.21+-0.05), Enoxaparin (0.12+-0.04), Epoetin Alfa (0.033+-0.013 (0.033-0.075)), Etanercept (0.11), Filgrastim (0.15), Heparin (0.058+-0.11) +- 0.1), Infliximab (0.043). Interferon Alfa (0.40+-0.19), Interferon Beta (2.9+-1.8), Lithium (0.66+-0.16), Mycophenolate (MPA: 3.6+-4), Prednisolone (0.42+-0.11), Rapacuronium (0.2-0.5), Sargramostim (A: -, C:2(0.4-18) liters/(m.m)) and Streptokinase (0.08+-0.04) have not been provided here. In all, 284 drugs and their 'Volume of Distribution' values are given in the files here.

QSAR World - Datasets - GG - Peak Concentration

Kenneth E. Thummel and Danny D. Shen. Peak Concentration, "Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 10/e, Ed. by Joel G. Hardman, Lee E. Limbird and Alfred Goodman Gilman, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1917-2023

'Peak-Concentrations' values have been taken from the Table A-II-1 given in Appendix II of the above mentioned reference. The units are indicated along with the values. Users are requested to go through the comments associated with these values, which have been given as footnotes in the table. Structures (and values) for Alteplase (t-PA) (973+-133 ng/ml), Clavulanate (2.8 micro g/ml), Enoxaparin (ACLM: 145+-45 ng/ml, BCLM: 414+-87 ng/ml), Epoetin Alfa (SC: 176+-75 U/l, IP: 375+-123 U/l), Etanercept (IV:2.32 micro-g/ml, SC-SD:1.2 micro-g/ml, SC-MD 3 micro-g/ml), Filgrastim (SC: 4 and 49 ng/ml), Heparin (70+-39 ng/ml), Infliximab (118 micro-g/ml), Interferon Alfa (IV: ~13 ng/ml, IM: 2.0 (1.5-2.6) ng/ml, SC: 1.7 (1.2-2.3) ng/ml), Interferon Beta (IV: 1491+-659 IU/ml, SC: 40+-20 IU/ml), Lithium (IR: 1-2 mM, SR: 0.7-1.2 mM), Mycophenolate (MPA: 8-19 micro-g/ml), Prednisolone (458+-150 ng/ml), Rapacuronium (6-20 micro-g/ml), Sargramostim (A, IV: 5ng/ml, A, SC: 1.5 ng/ml, C, IV: 100 ng/ml, C, SC: 10 ng/ml) and Streptokinase (188+-58 IU/ml) have not been provided here. In all, 304 drugs and their 'Peak-Concentration' values are given in the files here.

QSAR World - Datasets - GG - Clearance

Kenneth E. Thummel and Danny D. Shen. Clearance , "Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 10/e, Ed. by Joel G. Hardman, Lee E. Limbird and Alfred Goodman Gilman, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1917-2023

'Clearance' values have been taken from the Table A-II-1 given in Appendix II of the above mentioned reference. These are in (ml/min/kg) units unless otherwise indicated. Users are requested to go through the comments associated with these values, which have been given as footnotes in the table. Only drugs that had 'Clearance' values indicated for them have been provided in the files here. Structures (and values) for Alteplase (t-PA) (10+-4), Clavulanate (3.6+-1.0), Enoxaparin (0.3+-0.1), Epoetin Alfa (0.047+-0.017 (0.047-0.092)), Etanercept (0.02), Filgrastim (0.5-0.7), Heparin (1/(0.65 + 0/0.008D) +- 0.1), Interferon Alfa (2.8+-0.6), Interferon Beta (13+-5), Lithium (0.35+-0.11), Mycophenolate (MM: 120-163, MPA: 2.5+-0.4), Prednisolone (1.0+-0.16), Rapacuronium (7-11), Sargramostim (A: 420 ml/min/(m.m), C:49(15-118) ml/min/(m.m)) and Streptokinase (1.7+-0.7) have not been provided here. In all, 301 drugs and their 'Clearance' values are given in the files here.

QSAR World - Datasets - GG - Oral Availability

Kenneth E. Thummel and Danny D. Shen. Percentage Oral Availability, "Goodman & Gilman's The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics", 10/e, Ed. by Joel G. Hardman, Lee E. Limbird and Alfred Goodman Gilman, McGraw-Hill, pp. 1917-2023

Availability (Oral) % have been taken from the Table A-II-1 given in Appendix II of the above mentioned reference. Users are requested to go through the comments associated with these values, which have been given as footnotes in the table. Only drugs that had Availability values indicated for them have been provided in the files here. Structures (and values) for Clavulanate (75+-21), Enoxaparin (SC: 92), Epoetin alfa (SC: 22 (11-36), IP: 3 (1-7)), Etanercept (SC: 58), Filgrastim (SC: 49+-9), Interferon alfa (IM: 80-83, SC: 90), Interferon beta (SC: 51+-17), Lithium (100), Mycophenolate (MM: ~0, MPA: 94) and Prednisolone (82+-13) have not been provided here. In all, 242 drugs and their Availability (Oral) % are given in the files here.

User Data

experimental physchem properties

Melting Point: ca. 233 C (decomposes)

The melting point of a crystalline solid is the temperature range at which it changes state from solid to liquid. See also: Melting Point

miscellaneous

Appearance: white crystalline powder

Visual appearance of the given substance.

Stability: Stable. Incompatible with strong oxidizing agents.

Chemical stability occurs when a substance is in a (dynamic) chemical equilibrium with its environment. See also: Chemical Stability

Toxicity: IPR-MUS LD50 135 mg kg-1

Toxicity is the degree to which something is able to produce illness or damage to an exposed organism. See also: Toxicity and list of used abbreviations.

Safety: Safety glasses. Do not breathe dust.

See Chemical Safety

Names and Synonyms

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

(8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-Hydroxy-17-(hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-7,8,9,10,12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthren-3,11(6H)-dion

(8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-hydroxy-17-(hydroxyacetyl)-10,13-dimethyl-7,8,9,10,12,13,14,15,16,17-decahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phenanthrene-3,11(6H)-dione

(8S,9S,10R,13S,14S,17R)-17-hydroxy-17-(hydroxyacétyl)-10,13-diméthyl-7,8,9,10,12,13,14,15,16,17-décahydro-3H-cyclopenta[a]phénanthrène-3,11(6H)-dione

.delta.1-Cortisone

.delta.1-Dehydrocortisone

1,4-Pregnadiene-17a,21-diol-3,11,20-trione

17,21-Dihydroxypregna-1,4-diene-3,11,20-trione

D1-Cortisone

D1-Dehydrocortisone

Delcortin

More...

Database ID(s)

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

ACD/Labs Predicted Properties

ACD/LogP:	1.57	# of Rule of 5 Violations:	0
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5):	1.57	ACD/LogD (pH 7.4):	1.57
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5):	9.16	ACD/BCF (pH 7.4):	9.16
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5):	169.92	ACD/KOC (pH 7.4):	169.92
#H bond acceptors:	5	#H bond donors:	2
#Freely Rotating Bonds:	4	Polar Surface Area:	69.67 Å²
Index of Refraction:	1.603	Molar Refractivity:	94.08 cm³
Molar Volume:	273.6 cm³	Polarizability:	37.29 10^-24cm³
Surface Tension:	58.5 dyne/cm	Density:	1.3 g/cm³
Flash Point:	314.8 °C	Enthalpy of Vaporization:	98.73 kJ/mol
Boiling Point:	573.7 °C at 760 mmHg	Vapour Pressure:	1.51E-15 mmHg at 25°C

MeSH

EPI Summary

            
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
    Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) =  1.59
    Log Kow (Exper. database match) =  1.46
       Exper. Ref:  Hansch,C et al. (1995)

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
    Boiling Pt (deg C):  502.06  (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
    Melting Pt (deg C):  213.56  (Mean or Weighted MP)
    VP(mm Hg,25 deg C):  2.89E-013  (Modified Grain method)
    MP  (exp database):  234 dec deg C
    Subcooled liquid VP: 5.17E-011 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method)

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
    Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L):  312
       log Kow used: 1.46 (expkow database)
       no-melting pt equation used

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
    Wat Sol (v1.01 est) =  274.18 mg/L

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
    Class(es) found:
       Vinyl/Allyl Ketones

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
   Bond Method :   2.83E-010  atm-m3/mole
   Group Method:   Incomplete
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]:  4.369E-016 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
  Log Kow used:  1.46  (exp database)
  Log Kaw used:  -7.937  (HenryWin est)
      Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate):  9.397
      Log Koa (experimental database):  None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
   Biowin1 (Linear Model)         :   0.2043
   Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model)     :   0.0006
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
   Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):   1.8632  (months      )
   Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :   2.9331  (weeks       )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model)    :   0.5678
   Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):   0.1452
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): -2.0450
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction:   NO

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
    Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
  Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled):  6.89E-009 Pa (5.17E-011 mm Hg)
  Log Koa (Koawin est  ): 9.397
   Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
       Mackay model           :  435 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  0.000612 
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
       Junge-Pankow model     :  1 
       Mackay model           :  1 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  0.0467 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
   Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
      OVERALL OH Rate Constant =  67.9149 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     0.157 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
      Half-Life =     1.890 Hrs
   Ozone Reaction:
      OVERALL Ozone Rate Constant =     1.312500 E-17 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     0.873 Days (at 7E11 mol/cm3)
      Half-Life =     20.955 Hrs
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 1 (Junge,Mackay)
    Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
      Koc    :  36.36
      Log Koc:  1.561 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
    Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
   Log BCF from regression-based method = 0.424 (BCF = 2.656)
       log Kow used: 1.46 (expkow database)

 Volatilization from Water:
    Henry LC:  2.83E-010 atm-m3/mole  (estimated by Bond SAR Method)
    Half-Life from Model River: 3.917E+006  hours   (1.632E+005 days)
    Half-Life from Model Lake : 4.273E+007  hours   (1.78E+006 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
    Total removal:               1.96  percent
    Total biodegradation:        0.09  percent
    Total sludge adsorption:     1.87  percent
    Total to Air:                0.00  percent
      (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
           Mass Amount    Half-Life    Emissions
            (percent)        (hr)       (kg/hr)
   Air       0.138           3.2          1000       
   Water     41.2            1.44e+003    1000       
   Soil      58.6            2.88e+003    1000       
   Sediment  0.103           1.3e+004     0          
     Persistence Time: 940 hr

SimBioSys LASSO

Descriptors: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 0, 0, 2, 4, 19, 3, 2, 0, 4, 1, 2, 2, 1, 0, 0, 0

Category	Target	PDB Code	LASSO Score
Metalloenzymes	ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme	1o86	0.03
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	PPARg, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor	1fm9	0.03
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	RXRa, retinoic X receptor R	1mvc	0.03
Kinases	SRC, tyrosine kinase SRC	2src	0.01
Other Enzymes	HMGR, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase	1hw8	0.01
Other Enzymes	HIVPR, HIV protease	1hpx	0.01
Serine Proteases	Thrombin	1ba8	0.01
Kinases	HSP90, human heat shock protein 90	1uy6	0.01
Metalloenzymes	PDE5, phosphodiesterase 5	1xp0	0.01
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	MR, mineralocorticoid receptor	2aa2	0.01
Other Enzymes	PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase	1efy	0.01
Other Enzymes	PNP, purine nucleoside phosphorylase	1b8o	0.00
Other Enzymes	AmpC, AmpC beta-lactamase	1xgj	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	ER, estrogen receptor; agonist	1l2i	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	PR, progesterone receptor	1sr7	0.00
Folate Enzymes	DHFR, dihydrofolate reductase	3dfr	0.00
Kinases	VEGFr2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor	1vr2	0.00
Serine Proteases	Trypsin	1bju	0.00
Other Enzymes	GPB, glycogen phosphorylase	1a8i	0.00
Other Enzymes	SAHH, S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase	1a7a	0.00
Kinases	FGFr1, fibroblast growth factor receptor kinase	1agw	0.00
Other Enzymes	COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2	1cx2	0.00
Metalloenzymes	ADA, adenosine deaminase	1stw	0.00
Other Enzymes	ALR2, aldose reductase	1ah3	0.00
Other Enzymes	NA, neuraminidase	1a4g	0.00
Kinases	TK, thymidine kinase	1kim	0.00
Kinases	CDK2, cyclindependent kinase 2	1ckp	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	AR, androgen receptor	1xq2	0.00
Kinases	P38 MAP, P38 mitogen activated protein	1kv2	0.00
Metalloenzymes	COMT, catechol O-methyltransferase	1h1d	0.00
Other Enzymes	AChE, acetylcholinesterase	1eve	0.00
Folate Enzymes	GART, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase	1c2t	0.00
Kinases	PDGFrb, platelet derived growth factor receptor kinase	N/A	0.00
Other Enzymes	HIVRT, HIV reverse transcriptase	1rt1	0.00
Serine Proteases	FXa, factor Xa	1f0r	0.00
Kinases	EGFr, epidermal growth factor receptor	1m17	0.00