InChI=1/C18H23NO3/c1-19-8-7-18-11-4-5-13(20)17(18)22-16-14(21-2)6-3-10(15(16)18)9-12(11)19/h3,6,11-13,17,20H,4-5,7-9H2,1-2H3/t11-,12+,13-,17-,18-/m0/s1

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Search term: RBOXVHNMENFORY-DNJOTXNNBM
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Inherent Properties, Identifiers and References

ChemSpider ID:	4447600
Empirical Formula:	C₁₈H₂₃NO₃
Molecular Weight:	301.3801
Nominal Mass:	301 Da
Average Mass:	301.3801 Da
Monoisotopic Mass:	301.167794 Da

Systematic Name:

SMILES:

O[C@@H]4[C@@H]5Oc1c2c(ccc1OC)C[C@H]3N(CC[C@]25[C@H]3CC4)C

InChI:

InChI=1/C18H23NO3/c1-19-8-7-18-11-4-5-13(20)17(18)22-16-14(21-2)6-3-10(15(16)18)9-12(11)19/h3,6,11-13,17,20H,4-5,7-9H2,1-2H3/t11-,12+,13-,17-,18-/m0/s1

InChIKey:

RBOXVHNMENFORY-DNJOTXNNBM

Std. InChI:

InChI=1S/C18H23NO3/c1-19-8-7-18-11-4-5-13(20)17(18)22-16-14(21-2)6-3-10(15(16)18)9-12(11)19/h3,6,11-13,17,20H,4-5,7-9H2,1-2H3/t11-,12+,13-,17-,18-/m0/s1

Std. InChIKey:

RBOXVHNMENFORY-DNJOTXNNSA-N

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Wikipedia Article(s)

Dihydrocodeine, also called DHC, Drocode, Paracodeine and Parzone and known by the brand names of Synalgos DC, Panlor DC, Panlor SS, Contugesic, SS Bron, Drocode, Paracodin, Codidol, Didor Continus, Dicogesic, Codhydrine, Dekacodin, DH-Codeine, Didrate, Dihydrin, Hydrocodin, Nadeine, Novicodin, Rapacodin, Rikodeine, Fortuss, Remedeine, Dico, and DF-118 amongst others (e.g. Paramol), is a semi-synthetic opioid analgesic developed in Germany in 1908 and put on the market in 1911. It is prescribed for pain, severe dyspnea, or as an antitussive, either alone or compounded with aspirin or paracetamol, as in co-dydramol. In some countries, controlled-release dihydrocodeine and/or the immediate release forumulations are used as an alternative to methadone in treatment of opioid dependency and addiction. Commonly available as tablets, solutions, elixirs, and other oral forms, dihydrocodeine is also available in some countries as an injectable solution for deep subcutaneous and intra-muscular administration. As with codeine, intravenous administration should be avoided, as it could result in anaphylaxis and dangerous pulmonary edema. In past times, dihydrocodeine suppositories were used; however, dihydrocodeine is available in suppository form on prescription. Dihydrocodeine is used as an alternative or adjunct to codeine for the aforementioned indications. It is available as the following salts, in rough descending order of frequency of use: bitartrate, phosphate, hydrochloride, tartrate, hydroiodide, methyliodide, hydrobromide, and sulfate. The salt to free base conversion factors are 0.67 for the bitartrate, 0.73 for the phosphate, and 0.89 for the hydrochloride. Dihydrocodeine was developed during the intense international search for more effective antitussives, especially to help reduce the airborne spread of tuberculosis, pertussis, pneumonia, and similar diseases, in the years from c.a. 1895 to 1915, and is similar in chemical structure to codeine. Depending on individual metabolism, dihydrocodeine is 100 to 150 percent as strong as codeine. Although dihydrocodeine does have extremely active metabolites, in the form of dihydromorphine and dihydromorphine-6-glucuronide (one hundred times more potent), these metabolites are produced in such small amount that they do not have clinically important effects. Read more... or Edit at Wikipedia...

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Supplemental Information

Links & References

Zhao YH, Abraham MH, Le J, Hersey A, Luscombe CN, Beck G, Sherborne B, and Cooper I. Rate-limited Steps of Human Oral Absorption and QSAR Studies, Pharm Res., 2002, 19(10), 1446-57

QSAR World - Datasets - Zhao

Names and Synonyms

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

(-)-Dihydrocodeine

(5alpha,6alpha)-17-methyl-3-(methyloxy)-4,5-epoxymorphinan-6-ol

204-732-3 [EINECS/ELINCS]

227-747-7 [EINECS/ELINCS]

5965-13-9 [RN]

DH-codeine

DICO

Dihidrocodeina [Spanish]

Dihydrocodeine [Wiki]

Dihydrocodeinum [Latin]

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Database ID(s)

Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users, Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts

ACD/Labs Predicted Properties

ACD/LogP:	1.39	# of Rule of 5 Violations:	0
ACD/LogD (pH 5.5):	-1.36	ACD/LogD (pH 7.4):	0.26
ACD/BCF (pH 5.5):	1	ACD/BCF (pH 7.4):	1
ACD/KOC (pH 5.5):	1	ACD/KOC (pH 7.4):	10.17
#H bond acceptors:	4	#H bond donors:	1
#Freely Rotating Bonds:	2	Polar Surface Area:	30.93 Å²
Index of Refraction:	1.643	Molar Refractivity:	82.94 cm³
Molar Volume:	229.2 cm³	Polarizability:	32.88 10^-24cm³
Surface Tension:	58.2 dyne/cm	Density:	1.31 g/cm³
Flash Point:	233.2 °C	Enthalpy of Vaporization:	76.17 kJ/mol
Boiling Point:	462 °C at 760 mmHg	Vapour Pressure:	2.48E-09 mmHg at 25°C

MeSH

EPI Summary

            
 Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
    Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) =  1.49

 Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
    Boiling Pt (deg C):  404.19  (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
    Melting Pt (deg C):  167.85  (Mean or Weighted MP)
    VP(mm Hg,25 deg C):  2.01E-009  (Modified Grain method)
    MP  (exp database):  199.5 deg C
    Subcooled liquid VP: 1.39E-007 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method)

 Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
    Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L):  6534
       log Kow used: 1.49 (estimated)
       no-melting pt equation used

 Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
    Wat Sol (v1.01 est) =  178.44 mg/L

 ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
    Class(es) found:
       Aliphatic Amines

 Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
   Bond Method :   8.61E-014  atm-m3/mole
   Group Method:   Incomplete
 Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]:  1.220E-013 atm-m3/mole

 Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
  Log Kow used:  1.49  (KowWin est)
  Log Kaw used:  -11.453  (HenryWin est)
      Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate):  12.943
      Log Koa (experimental database):  None

 Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
   Biowin1 (Linear Model)         :   0.6921
   Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model)     :   0.7260
 Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
   Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model):   2.0351  (months      )
   Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) :   3.1866  (weeks       )
 MITI Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model)    :   0.4401
   Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model):   0.0844
 Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
   Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): -0.8782
 Ready Biodegradability Prediction:   NO

Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
    Structure incompatible with current estimation method!

 Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
  Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled):  1.85E-005 Pa (1.39E-007 mm Hg)
  Log Koa (Koawin est  ): 12.943
   Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
       Mackay model           :  0.162 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  2.15 
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
       Junge-Pankow model     :  0.854 
       Mackay model           :  0.928 
       Octanol/air (Koa) model:  0.994 

 Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
   Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
      OVERALL OH Rate Constant = 192.3929 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
      Half-Life =     0.056 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
      Half-Life =     0.667 Hrs
   Ozone Reaction:
      No Ozone Reaction Estimation
   Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 0.891 (Junge,Mackay)
    Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation

 Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
      Koc    :  1305
      Log Koc:  3.115 

 Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
    Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!

 Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
   Log BCF from regression-based method = 0.449 (BCF = 2.809)
       log Kow used: 1.49 (estimated)

 Volatilization from Water:
    Henry LC:  8.61E-014 atm-m3/mole  (estimated by Bond SAR Method)
    Half-Life from Model River: 1.181E+010  hours   (4.919E+008 days)
    Half-Life from Model Lake : 1.288E+011  hours   (5.366E+009 days)

 Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
    Total removal:               1.97  percent
    Total biodegradation:        0.09  percent
    Total sludge adsorption:     1.88  percent
    Total to Air:                0.00  percent
      (using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)

 Level III Fugacity Model:
           Mass Amount    Half-Life    Emissions
            (percent)        (hr)       (kg/hr)
   Air       1.45e-005       1.33         1000       
   Water     34.8            1.44e+003    1000       
   Soil      65.1            2.88e+003    1000       
   Sediment  0.0889          1.3e+004     0          
     Persistence Time: 1.49e+003 hr

SimBioSys LASSO

Descriptors: 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 5, 0, 0, 1, 2, 9, 2, 11, 0, 6, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0

Category	Target	PDB Code	LASSO Score
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	PPARg, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor	1fm9	0.03
Kinases	TK, thymidine kinase	1kim	0.02
Kinases	PDGFrb, platelet derived growth factor receptor kinase	N/A	0.02
Other Enzymes	InhA, enoyl ACP reductase	1p44	0.02
Kinases	SRC, tyrosine kinase SRC	2src	0.01
Other Enzymes	HMGR, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase	1hw8	0.01
Other Enzymes	HIVPR, HIV protease	1hpx	0.01
Kinases	HSP90, human heat shock protein 90	1uy6	0.01
Metalloenzymes	PDE5, phosphodiesterase 5	1xp0	0.01
Serine Proteases	Thrombin	1ba8	0.01
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	MR, mineralocorticoid receptor	2aa2	0.01
Other Enzymes	PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase	1efy	0.01
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	GR, glucocorticoid receptor	1m2z	0.00
Other Enzymes	PNP, purine nucleoside phosphorylase	1b8o	0.00
Other Enzymes	AmpC, AmpC beta-lactamase	1xgj	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	ER, estrogen receptor; agonist	1l2i	0.00
Other Enzymes	SAHH, S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase	1a7a	0.00
Folate Enzymes	DHFR, dihydrofolate reductase	3dfr	0.00
Metalloenzymes	ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme	1o86	0.00
Kinases	VEGFr2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor	1vr2	0.00
Other Enzymes	GPB, glycogen phosphorylase	1a8i	0.00
Metalloenzymes	ADA, adenosine deaminase	1stw	0.00
Kinases	FGFr1, fibroblast growth factor receptor kinase	1agw	0.00
Other Enzymes	ALR2, aldose reductase	1ah3	0.00
Other Enzymes	AChE, acetylcholinesterase	1eve	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	RXRa, retinoic X receptor R	1mvc	0.00
Kinases	P38 MAP, P38 mitogen activated protein	1kv2	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	ER, estrogen receptor; antagonist	3ert	0.00
Nuclear Hormone Receptors	AR, androgen receptor	1xq2	0.00
Folate Enzymes	GART, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase	1c2t	0.00
Serine Proteases	FXa, factor Xa	1f0r	0.00
Kinases	EGFr, epidermal growth factor receptor	1m17	0.00
Kinases	CDK2, cyclindependent kinase 2	1ckp	0.00
Metalloenzymes	COMT, catechol O-methyltransferase	1h1d	0.00
Other Enzymes	COX-1, cyclooxygenase-1	1p4g	0.00
Other Enzymes	COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2	1cx2	0.00
Other Enzymes	NA, neuraminidase	1a4g	0.00
Other Enzymes	HIVRT, HIV reverse transcriptase	1rt1	0.00
Serine Proteases	Trypsin	1bju	0.00

Feedback

Date	Severity	Status	Feedback
30/01/2009 23:32:52	Low	New	3 structures for dihyrocodeine