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1 hit(s) found in 0.34 seconds
Search term: BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRBF
Found by InChIKey (full match)
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ChemSpider ID: |
64561
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Empirical Formula: |
C12H19Cl3O8
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Molecular Weight: |
397.6335
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Nominal Mass: |
396
Da
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Average Mass: |
397.6335
Da
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Monoisotopic Mass: |
396.014551
Da
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Systematic Name: |
(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-2,5-bis(chloromethyl)-3,4-dihydroxy-tetrahydrofuran-2-yl]oxy-5-chloro-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydropyran-3,4-diol
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SMILES: |
Cl[C@H]2[C@H](O[C@H](O[C@@]1(O[C@@H]([C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O)CCl)CCl)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO
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InChI: |
InChI=1/C12H19Cl3O8/c13-1-4-7(17)10(20)12(3-14,22-4)23-11-9(19)8(18)6(15)5(2-16)21-11/h4-11,16-20H,1-3H2/t4-,5-,6+,7-,8+,9-,10+,11-,12+/m1/s1
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InChIKey: |
BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRBF
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Std. InChI: |
InChI=1S/C12H19Cl3O8/c13-1-4-7(17)10(20)12(3-14,22-4)23-11-9(19)8(18)6(15)5(2-16)21-11/h4-11,16-20H,1-3H2/t4-,5-,6+,7-,8+,9-,10+,11-,12+/m1/s1
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Std. InChIKey: |
BAQAVOSOZGMPRM-QBMZZYIRSA-N
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Sucralose is a zero-calorie sugar substitute artificial sweetener. In the European Union, it is also known under the E number (additive code) E955. Sucralose is approximately 600 times as sweet as sucrose (table sugar), twice as sweet as saccharin, and 3.3 times as sweet as aspartame. Unlike aspartame, it is stable under heat and over a broad range of pH conditions. Therefore, it can be used in baking or in products that require a longer shelf life. The commercial success of sucralose-based products stems from its favorable comparison to other low-calorie sweeteners in terms of taste, stability, and safety.
Sucralose is typically added to foods in very small quantities. Sucralose products manufactured in the US for domestic consumption are commonly formulated by the addition of "bulking" ingredients such as glucose (dextrose) and maltodextrin to give a degree of sweetness per unit volume comparable to sucrose, and to give some products an appearance similar to granular sugar. Some examples of these sweeteners are Splenda, SucraPlus, Candys and Cukren.
Read more... or Edit at Wikipedia...
Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users,
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(2R,3R,4R,5R,6R)-2-{[(2R,3S,4S,5S)-2,5-Bis(chloromethyl)-3,4-dihydroxytetrahydro-2-furanyl]oxy}-5-chloro-6-(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-3,4-diol
1,6-Dichlor-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fructofuranosyl-4-chlor-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside
1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-b-D-fructofuranosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranoside
1,6-Dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-b-D-fructofuranosyl-4-chloro-4-deoxy-a-D-galactopyranoside
1,6-Dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fructofuranosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galactopyranoside
259-952-2
[EINECS/ELINCS]
4,1',6'-Trichloro-4,1',6'-trideoxygalacto-sucrose
a-D-galactopyranoside, 1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-b-D-fructofuranosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-
alpha-D-galactopyranoside, 1,6-dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fructofuranosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-
Splenda
More...
trichlorosucrose
1',4,6'-Trichlorogalactosucrose
1,6-Dichloro-1,6-dideoxy-beta-D-fructofuranosyl 4-chloro-4-deoxy-alpha-D-galactose
4,1',6'-Trichloro-4,1',6'-trideoxy-galacto-sucrose
56038-13-2
[RN]
Sucralose
[Wiki]
Sucralose [BAN]
TL8003643
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Validated by Experts, Validated by Users, Non-Validated, Removed by Users,
Redirected by Users, Redirect Approved by Experts
For as long as artificial sweeteners have been used, there has been a varying level of controversy over the safety of their use; both for humans and the environment in general. Saccharin and Aspartame have been plagued by health concerns raised by researchers for decades. Most studies have shown that only in very high concentrations are they dangerous, however few long term (>10 years) studies have been completed, so lower dose, chronic exposure has yet to be rigorously investigated. Currently, most diet sodas use aspartame and saccharin, including my favorite, Coke Zero. Another very popular sugar substitute, sucralose has begun to steal the spotlight away from aspartame in recent years, taking over popular drinks like Crystal Light, Tim Horton’s and Starbucks coffee.
The chlorinated sugar substitute called sucralose  (commercially marketed as Splenda (TM)) was first synthesized in 1976, as part of a collaboration between Queen Elizabeth College in London and the Tate and Lyle Chemical Company. It is manufactured by the selective chlorination of sucrose, in which three of the hydroxyl groups are replaced with chlorine atoms. Supposedly the graduate student, Shashikant Phadnis, working on the synthesis misunderstood his professor’s request to test the chemical as a request to taste the chemical. Just goes to show, sometimes to make a lucrative discovery, a chemist must take the ultimate test!
Whatever happened, it has been found that Sucralose is approximately 600 times sweeter than sucrose, and since being introduced in the USA in 1998, has become one of the leading sweeteners on the market. One of the main reasons for this is that studies have shown that sucralose is highly stable; it doesn’t break down easily due to heat so cooking with it is safe. It also doesn’t dechlorinate over time, photo degrade under visible light, or biodegrade with common bacteria. It is also very insoluble in fat cells, so all of us Americans don’t have to worry about getting a heart attack on the treadmill (at least not from sucralose!). In fact, sucralose is so darn stable, it doesn’t even get broken down in waste treatment plants.
Meet Smitha Ramakrishna, a senior at Corona del Sol High School in Chandler, Arizona, who has been doing research at Arizona State University about sucralose’s inability to be broken down and how this make affect the environment. At only 17 years of age, she has been researching sucralose for nearly 2 years, as part of her greater goal of trying to help with global water issues. She also founded an organization named AWAKE, which is dedicated to increasing her community’s awareness about water-related issues.
She has found that after subjecting sucralose to treatments similar to those used by waste water treatment plants, the sweetener resisted bacterial digestion. Only after a long time and under UV irradiation in the presence of high concentrations of titanium oxide (TiO2) did the sugar break down. Considering that few plants use these methods, the majority of sucralose in wastewater enters the ecosystem. She doesn’t say for sure what effect this will have, but says that preliminary studies suggest high concentrations of sucralose may poison fish.
See more here: That Splenda you’re drinking will be in our water supply for a while
Personally, I think people should use xylitol more. First studied in the 1970’s, almost no negative effects have been found due to ingestion of even 400+ grams a day (imagine 400+ grams of sugar! BLECH!) and many positive health effects have been proven ranging from plaque-reducing effects to boosting your immune system. It is about as sweet as sucrose, and has 2/3 the caloric content.
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ACD/LogP: |
0.68
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# of Rule of 5 Violations: |
1
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ACD/LogD (pH 5.5): |
0.68
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ACD/LogD (pH 7.4): |
0.68
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ACD/BCF (pH 5.5): |
1.93
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ACD/BCF (pH 7.4): |
1.93
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ACD/KOC (pH 5.5): |
55.78
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ACD/KOC (pH 7.4): |
55.78
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#H bond acceptors: |
8
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#H bond donors: |
5
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#Freely Rotating Bonds: |
10
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Polar Surface Area: |
73.84
Å2
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Index of Refraction: |
1.604
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Molar Refractivity: |
80.75
cm3
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Molar Volume: |
234.7
cm3
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Polarizability: |
32.01
10-24cm3
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Surface Tension: |
76.5
dyne/cm
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Density: |
1.69
g/cm3
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Flash Point: |
358.7
°C
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Enthalpy of Vaporization: |
112.59
kJ/mol
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Boiling Point: |
669.4
°C at 760 mmHg
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Vapour Pressure: |
8.79E-21
mmHg at 25°C
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Log Octanol-Water Partition Coef (SRC):
Log Kow (KOWWIN v1.67 estimate) = -1.00
Boiling Pt, Melting Pt, Vapor Pressure Estimations (MPBPWIN v1.42):
Boiling Pt (deg C): 551.89 (Adapted Stein & Brown method)
Melting Pt (deg C): 236.84 (Mean or Weighted MP)
VP(mm Hg,25 deg C): 3.25E-014 (Modified Grain method)
MP (exp database): 130 deg C
Subcooled liquid VP: 3.65E-013 mm Hg (25 deg C, Mod-Grain method)
Water Solubility Estimate from Log Kow (WSKOW v1.41):
Water Solubility at 25 deg C (mg/L): 2.275e+004
log Kow used: -1.00 (estimated)
no-melting pt equation used
Water Sol Estimate from Fragments:
Wat Sol (v1.01 est) = 1e+006 mg/L
ECOSAR Class Program (ECOSAR v0.99h):
Class(es) found:
Neutral Organics
Henrys Law Constant (25 deg C) [HENRYWIN v3.10]:
Bond Method : 3.99E-019 atm-m3/mole
Group Method: Incomplete
Henrys LC [VP/WSol estimate using EPI values]: 7.474E-019 atm-m3/mole
Log Octanol-Air Partition Coefficient (25 deg C) [KOAWIN v1.10]:
Log Kow used: -1.00 (KowWin est)
Log Kaw used: -16.787 (HenryWin est)
Log Koa (KOAWIN v1.10 estimate): 15.787
Log Koa (experimental database): None
Probability of Rapid Biodegradation (BIOWIN v4.10):
Biowin1 (Linear Model) : -0.2083
Biowin2 (Non-Linear Model) : 0.0000
Expert Survey Biodegradation Results:
Biowin3 (Ultimate Survey Model): 2.3626 (weeks-months)
Biowin4 (Primary Survey Model) : 3.4368 (days-weeks )
MITI Biodegradation Probability:
Biowin5 (MITI Linear Model) : 0.6579
Biowin6 (MITI Non-Linear Model): 0.0040
Anaerobic Biodegradation Probability:
Biowin7 (Anaerobic Linear Model): 0.7435
Ready Biodegradability Prediction: NO
Hydrocarbon Biodegradation (BioHCwin v1.01):
Structure incompatible with current estimation method!
Sorption to aerosols (25 Dec C)[AEROWIN v1.00]:
Vapor pressure (liquid/subcooled): 4.87E-011 Pa (3.65E-013 mm Hg)
Log Koa (Koawin est ): 15.787
Kp (particle/gas partition coef. (m3/ug)):
Mackay model : 6.16E+004
Octanol/air (Koa) model: 1.5E+003
Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi):
Junge-Pankow model : 1
Mackay model : 1
Octanol/air (Koa) model: 1
Atmospheric Oxidation (25 deg C) [AopWin v1.92]:
Hydroxyl Radicals Reaction:
OVERALL OH Rate Constant = 54.2525 E-12 cm3/molecule-sec
Half-Life = 0.197 Days (12-hr day; 1.5E6 OH/cm3)
Half-Life = 2.366 Hrs
Ozone Reaction:
No Ozone Reaction Estimation
Fraction sorbed to airborne particulates (phi): 1 (Junge,Mackay)
Note: the sorbed fraction may be resistant to atmospheric oxidation
Soil Adsorption Coefficient (PCKOCWIN v1.66):
Koc : 10
Log Koc: 1.000
Aqueous Base/Acid-Catalyzed Hydrolysis (25 deg C) [HYDROWIN v1.67]:
Rate constants can NOT be estimated for this structure!
Bioaccumulation Estimates from Log Kow (BCFWIN v2.17):
Log BCF from regression-based method = 0.500 (BCF = 3.162)
log Kow used: -1.00 (estimated)
Volatilization from Water:
Henry LC: 3.99E-019 atm-m3/mole (estimated by Bond SAR Method)
Half-Life from Model River: 2.926E+015 hours (1.219E+014 days)
Half-Life from Model Lake : 3.192E+016 hours (1.33E+015 days)
Removal In Wastewater Treatment:
Total removal: 1.85 percent
Total biodegradation: 0.09 percent
Total sludge adsorption: 1.75 percent
Total to Air: 0.00 percent
(using 10000 hr Bio P,A,S)
Level III Fugacity Model:
Mass Amount Half-Life Emissions
(percent) (hr) (kg/hr)
Air 1.24e-006 4.73 1000
Water 46.4 900 1000
Soil 53.5 1.8e+003 1000
Sediment 0.0891 8.1e+003 0
Persistence Time: 973 hr
Descriptors:
0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 6, 0, 0, 5, 10, 5, 0, 9, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 9, 0, 0
| Category | Target | PDB Code | LASSO Score |
| Other Enzymes | GPB, glycogen phosphorylase | 1a8i | 0.87 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | RXRa, retinoic X receptor R | 1mvc | 0.07 |
| Kinases | FGFr1, fibroblast growth factor receptor kinase | 1agw | 0.04 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | PPARg, peroxisome proliferator activated receptor | 1fm9 | 0.03 |
| Kinases | HSP90, human heat shock protein 90 | 1uy6 | 0.02 |
| Other Enzymes | SAHH, S-adenosyl-homocysteine hydrolase | 1a7a | 0.01 |
| Kinases | SRC, tyrosine kinase SRC | 2src | 0.01 |
| Other Enzymes | HMGR, hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase | 1hw8 | 0.01 |
| Other Enzymes | HIVPR, HIV protease | 1hpx | 0.01 |
| Metalloenzymes | PDE5, phosphodiesterase 5 | 1xp0 | 0.01 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | MR, mineralocorticoid receptor | 2aa2 | 0.01 |
| Metalloenzymes | ADA, adenosine deaminase | 1stw | 0.01 |
| Other Enzymes | PNP, purine nucleoside phosphorylase | 1b8o | 0.01 |
| Other Enzymes | PARP, poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase | 1efy | 0.01 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | AR, androgen receptor | 1xq2 | 0.00 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | GR, glucocorticoid receptor | 1m2z | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | AmpC, AmpC beta-lactamase | 1xgj | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | NA, neuraminidase | 1a4g | 0.00 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | ER, estrogen receptor; agonist | 1l2i | 0.00 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | PR, progesterone receptor | 1sr7 | 0.00 |
| Folate Enzymes | DHFR, dihydrofolate reductase | 3dfr | 0.00 |
| Kinases | VEGFr2, vascular endothelial growth factor receptor | 1vr2 | 0.00 |
| Kinases | TK, thymidine kinase | 1kim | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | COX-1, cyclooxygenase-1 | 1p4g | 0.00 |
| Nuclear Hormone Receptors | ER, estrogen receptor; antagonist | 3ert | 0.00 |
| Kinases | PDGFrb, platelet derived growth factor receptor kinase | N/A | 0.00 |
| Folate Enzymes | GART, glycinamide ribonucleotide transformylase | 1c2t | 0.00 |
| Kinases | P38 MAP, P38 mitogen activated protein | 1kv2 | 0.00 |
| Metalloenzymes | ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme | 1o86 | 0.00 |
| Metalloenzymes | COMT, catechol O-methyltransferase | 1h1d | 0.00 |
| Serine Proteases | Thrombin | 1ba8 | 0.00 |
| Serine Proteases | Trypsin | 1bju | 0.00 |
| Kinases | CDK2, cyclindependent kinase 2 | 1ckp | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | AChE, acetylcholinesterase | 1eve | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | ALR2, aldose reductase | 1ah3 | 0.00 |
| Serine Proteases | FXa, factor Xa | 1f0r | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2 | 1cx2 | 0.00 |
| Kinases | EGFr, epidermal growth factor receptor | 1m17 | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | InhA, enoyl ACP reductase | 1p44 | 0.00 |
| Other Enzymes | HIVRT, HIV reverse transcriptase | 1rt1 | 0.00 |
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